🦾 An AI-generated scientific paper approved in peer review process

• An article entirely created by the Sakana's AI Scientist has been approved in the peer review process.
• This is the first time a fully AI-generated scientific paper has passed the same review process that human researchers go through.
• The AI system formed the scientific hypothesis, proposed experiments, wrote and refined the code, analyzed data, visualized data in figures, and wrote every word of the scientific manuscript.

The AI system created the research from start to finish

Sakana AI's AI Scientist has created a scientific paper that for the first time has passed a peer-review process at a workshop in a leading machine learning conference. The paper, titled "Compositional Regularization: Unexpected Obstacles in Enhancing Neural Network Generalization," was developed entirely by the AI system without any modifications from humans.

The AI system formed the scientific hypothesis, proposed experiments to test the hypothesis, wrote and refined the code to conduct those experiments, analyzed data, visualized data in figures, and wrote every word of the scientific manuscript - from the title to the final reference.

The evaluation process

Together with the ICLR workshop organizers, the research team agreed to submit three AI-generated papers to the workshop for peer review. Reviewers were informed about the possibility that the papers they were reviewing might be AI-generated (3 out of 43 papers), but not which papers were actually AI-generated.

Of the three submitted papers, two did not meet the threshold for acceptance. However, one paper received an average score of 6.33, ranking it above the average acceptance threshold.

Challenges and limitations

The researchers note that while their AI scientist has generated a paper that passed the review process, the work was presented at the workshop track, not at the main conference track. Only one of the three generated papers was accepted at this workshop..

The future of AI research

The researchers believe that the next generation of "The AI Scientist" will usher in a new era in science. That AI can generate an entire scientific paper that passes peer review at a top machine learning workshop shows early signs of progress.

They predict that "The AI Scientist" and similar systems will create papers worthy of acceptance not only at top machine learning conferences but also in the leading scientific journals.

The research team believes that what matters most is not how AI science is judged compared to human science, but whether its discoveries contribute to human development, such as curing diseases or expanding our knowledge of the laws that govern our universe.

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